Ludruk: A Soul-Stirring Folk Performance Art that Reflects Social Realities

One of the scenes from Ludruk Lerok Anyar (Photo by Marsam)

Damariotimes. Ludruk, a performance art rich in tradition and culture, is one of the valuable legacies of the people of East Java. Known as a folk drama, ludruk emerged from the interactions of a community that daily uses the East Javanese dialect. Since its inception, ludruk has undergone various transformations, making it one of the most dynamic forms of art relevant to the social context of society.

History and Development of Ludruk

Ludruk has its roots in a form of immunity attraction known as ludrug lerok, which appeared around the 17th century. This performance initially served as a magical demonstration accompanied by traditional musical instruments such as flutes, drums, and small gongs. Over time, in the early 20th century, ludruk began to evolve into a more complex form of performance art known as ludruk Besutan. In this performance, the actors portray the cycle of human life, from birth to death, with touches of humor and sharp satire.

In the 1920s, ludruk Besutan began to gain widespread recognition in Surabaya and its surroundings, with performances lasting late into the night. Although dominated by male performers, ludruk successfully captured the attention of the public with stories that depicted everyday life and social issues.

Cak Durasim: The Unforgettable Icon of Ludruk

One of the important figures in the history of ludruk is Cak Durasim, who led one of the most famous ludruk troupes in Surabaya. Cak Durasim is known as a friendly and cheerful figure, committed to preserving ludruk Besutan. He successfully combined elements of humor with social critique, making his performances not only entertaining but also thought-provoking for the audience.

Through his songs, Cak Durasim delivered sharp critiques of political and social conditions, both during the Dutch and Japanese occupations. His works not only entertained but also inspired the spirit of the people's struggle.

Ludruk Amid Social Change

During the Japanese occupation, ludruk continued to thrive despite strict supervision. Ludruk performances were often utilized for propaganda; however, troupes like the one led by Cak Durasim still sought to voice the feelings of the people. The songs they performed reflected the disappointment and hopes of society, making ludruk a powerful medium of expression.

After World War II, ludruk further developed into professional troupes affiliated with the independence movement. They began to address more modern themes, reflecting the ever-changing life of the Javanese community.

Reporter : R.Dt.

Editor : H.Gum.